Chemistry project on electrolysis of potassium iodide ki. This is a process where you use a 9 volt battery to send an electrical current through two electrodes that split the molecule bonds of liquid water. Chemical tests for the gases formed from electrolysis of water experiment you can collect samples of gases through the taps on the hofmann voltameter or from the little test tubes in the simple school electrolysis cell. Labeled diagram show electrolysis acidified water stock. At photosynthesis, hydrogen separated from the water molecule is used as a connecting link while organic molecule formation, and oxygen is released in the air. Hoffman apparatus dabney 125 dc power supply 1 m na 2so 4 alternative petri dish alternative. In the desired reaction, liquid water h2o splits into oxygen gas o2 and hydrogen. Use this experiment to help kids get familiar with electrolysis of water.
Electrolysis is the process by which electricity is used to drive a chemical reaction. Electrolysis of water experiment materials hypothesis distilled water two silver colored thumbtacks 9v battery small, clear plastic container two test tubes lemon juice baking soda dishwashing soap if you add a pinch of bakng soda to distilled water then it will conduct energy. Understanding electrolysis is aimed at years 11 and 12 chemistry and deals with an area that students often find difficult. If i test the electrolysis of water with a baking soda solution, salt solution, lemon water solution, and a vinegar solution, then the salt solution would produce the most hydrogen and oxogen, because it produces the most electrolytes and is a good conductor of gases. Watch this video to see the electroplating of a copper key an electrolysis of water experiment and an electroplating experiment electrolysis. Water does not conduct an electric current in its pure form. School of chemistry, university of glasgow, glasgow, united kingdom. During electrolysis, the molecules are reduced at the cathode to to hydrogen gas, and oxidised at the anode to oxygen gas. An ionic substance called an electrolyte must be dissolved into the water for electrolysis to occur. Find labeled diagram show electrolysis acidified water stock images in hd and millions of other royaltyfree stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the shutterstock collection. Electrolysis of water a demonstration summary in this demonstration, students investigate the idea that energy from a battery can be used to drive a chemical reaction that does not happen spontaneously, such as the splitting of water molecules to produce hydrogen and oxygen gases. Hoffman apparatus is used to demonstrate the electrolysis of water, alternatively, a power source and electrodes can show the same demonstration in a petri dish.
Electrolysis of water is a standard chemistry experiment, but the typical laboratory apparatus e. Electrolysis of water experiment by breyden fitzgerald on. Pdf production of hydrogen by electrolysis of water. Electrolysis of water experiment free download as word doc. An electrolyte is a part of a solution that can be broken up by electrolysis. Electro refers to energy and electricity and lysis refers to splitting apart. Electricity need directly proportional to the cell voltage e. So, electrolysis of pure water will be a very slow process. In this experiment you will be taking a sample of salt water and add a flow of electricity to it the electrolysis. Water electrolysis process, different stages, important. This method involves using mercury as the cathode and graphite as the anode.
Electrolysis of water electrolysis of dilute sulphuric acid the apparatus or the electrolytic cell, required for performing electrolysis of water is shown in the figure below. The electrolysis of water processes and applications richards, joseph w. Electrolysis of water is the decomposition of water into oxygen and hydrogen gas due to the passage of an electric current this technique can be used to make hydrogen gas, a main component of hydrogen fuel, and breathable oxygen gas, or can mix the two into oxyhydrogen, which is also usable as fuel, though more volatile and dangerous it is also called water splitting. Which substance of water will produce electrons the fastest. Between 1900 and 1960, progressive thinkers proposed many ways to produce and use hydrogen in numerous. Electrolysis of water experiment by breanna jones on prezi.
Effects of the electrolyte type on the electrolysis performances. Renewable power cannot be stored yet the global growth of renewable energy sources and integration into the energy mix continues at a significant pace fig. Breaking apart liquid water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen gas creates an enormous amount of energy, which can be turned into useful electricity to power our homes and cars. L, making the electrolysis safer and easier to view by an individual. It involves passing an electric current through the water which results in the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. Students were then invited to make physical models of water using handheld model kits and to propose their own structures for theoretical byproducts that water might form. Thousands of new, highquality pictures added every day. Electrolysis is often used to obtain elements that are too chemically reactive to be found free in nature. Electrolysis of seawater in a mercury cell leads to the production of chlorine and sodium hydroxide at the same time.
Hoffman apparatus is used to demonstrate the electrolysis of water, alternatively, a power source and electrodes can show the same demonstration in. The chemical change occurs when the substance loses electrons oxidation or gains them reduction. Our experiments for kids are presented in a simple way and are safe for young children to carry out, although the supervision of adults is recommended. Electrolysis is the process by which an electric current is passed through a substance to affect a chemical change. Since water is a covalent compound, pure or distilled water is a very weak electrolyte. Electrolysis of water experiment examples and templates. Index basic aim apparatus used theory electrolysis mechanism of electrolysis quantitative aspects of electrolysis faradays laws of electrolysis products of electrolysis reactions involved procedure observations precautions bibliography basic aim. Electrolysis of water a teacher demonstration experiment. However, the electrolysis of water is not simple and easy for many reasons. During this experiment you will perform certain tests for the. Electrolysis of water north thurston public schools. A 9v battery is used to decompose water in a 3m naoh solution. Electrolysis of water experiment electrochemistry chemical.
You will measure the volumes of gas produced and compare this to the predicted ratios from chemical. Conclusion electrolysis of water experiment purpose breyden fitzgerald the purpose of this experiment is to see which electrolyte conducts electricity the best during the electrolysis of water. Electrolysis is an electrochemical process in which electrical energy is the driving force of chemical. For example, electrolysis of a solution of sulfuric acid or of a salt, such as nano 3, results in the decomposition of water at both electrodes.
Electrolysis is a technique used by scientists to separate a compound or molecule into its component parts. At low current electrolysis, both hydrogen and oxygen are released in the air. Electrolysis involves the charge carriers, for the current to flow. My project is the electrolysis of water, a procedure that is used to produce hydrogen, oxygen, and electricity. In this experiment electrolysis will be used to separate water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. Of or containing water, typically as a solvent or medium. In the two experiments listed below, the first reactive substance is water and the second one is a copper sulfate solution. The electrolysis of water usually involves dilute, or moderately concentrated, salt solutions in order to reduce the power loss driving the current through the solution, but the presence of salt is not a requirement for electrolysis. During this experiment you will perform certain tests for the products of the decomposition reaction. However when the amalgam is introduced to water it.
Youll find easy to follow directions and educational resources in this. Hsts electryolysis of water experiment and its electroplating experiment demonstrate how electrons treated with a current affect chemical change. Splitting water electrolysis chemical reactions occur when two or more elements or compounds interact with each other to form new products. Pure water itself is not a good conductor of electricity, so for this experiment baking soda will be added to make the solution an electrolyte. In this lab you will use a battery to perform electrolysis, or chemical decomposition, of different aqueous solutions like water to produce gases like hydrogen. If the object is to produce hydrogen and oxygen, the added electrolyte must be energetically more difficult to oxidize or reduce than water itself. Electrolysis of water in the secondary school science. Electrolysis is used to remove hair, split compounds, and in the manufacturing process to decorate, strengthen, and make metal surfaces more resistant to rust. You wouldnt believe the number of websites that tell you to use salt. An electrolysis experiment for a middle school summer.
Electrolysis of water experiment splitting water hst. Later switch off the current and observe the level of water in test tubes. In this experiment you will be taking a sample of salt water and adding a flow of. In this free science fair project idea, kids will conduct an easy electrolysis of water experiment to test solutions of salt, baking soda, tap water, and more.
This chemistry video tutorial provides a basic introduction into the electrolysis of water which splits h2o into h2 hydrogen has and o2 oxygen. The electrolysis of water processes and applications. Teachers can freely download this experiment illustration example as visual aids in science class, or insert this picture in students test papers. During the electrolysis of water, electricity is passed through the water to split it into other substances. So, water with a very small amount of ions is a bad conductor of electricity. A chemical reaction where some molecule gains electrons is known as a reduction reaction. Download electrolysis of water experiment templates in pdf format. The electrolyte is made up of positively and negatively charged ions that disassociate in the water and allow an electric current to be conducted through the water. Electrolysis experiment how to make a device for electrolysis at home. Download electrolysis of water experiment templates in editable format.
When these bonds split apart, the energy released can be used to do work. Electrochemical cells have many uses both in industry and everyday life. By adding electricity to water and providing a path for the different particles to follow, water can be separated into hydrogen and oxygen. Splitting water teacher version in this lab you will use a battery to perform electrolysis, or chemical decomposition, of different aqueous solutions like water to produce gases like hydrogen and oxygen in the case of water. Pure water doesnt conduct electricity, so we need to add an electrolyte, like bicarbonate of soda. The electrolysis of water is mainly carried out to yield pure hydrogen and oxygen gases. Chemistry for kids how to separate water into hydrogen. A beaker,an anode and a cathode, water and a battery and switch connect the anode to the positive terminal of the battery and the cathode to the negative terminal. This experiment demonstrates the process of electrolysis, which is used in the commercial purification of ores such as copper sulfide ore.
In this project our basic aim is to study the electrolysis of products of potassium iodide ki. In this experiment you will be taking a sample of salt water and adding a. If theoretical energy to break the water molecule is of 285 kjmol or 12. The mercury attracts either sodium or potassium cations and the mercury forms an amalgam with it. This experiment seeks to help us understand how easy it can be to split the water molecule into its two constituents and collect the two gases separately. Water is very weakly dissociated into hydrogen and hydroxide ions. They include galvanic cells batteries that use chemical reactions to generate electricity and. Our electrolysis instruction began with a discussion of the flammability of hydrogen gas and the molecular structure of water, as detailed in the experimental section below. With microfluidics, the cell volume is reduced from 100 ml to 100.